Decoding the Origins of the Tank and “The Land Ironclads”: Sir Ernest Dunlop Swinton and H. G. Wells

May 31, 2009

I just sent off my presentation proposal for SLSA 2009, which as the theme “Decodings” and will be in Atlanta, Georgia in November.  Since I’ll be teaching and reading for my PhD exams, I decided to dust off a publishable paper to shorten and present at the conference (assuming it’s accepted).  In the meantime, I think I’m going to send this essay out to a journal over the Summer to see if they are interested in publishing it as it is or with minor revision.  Here’s my abstract to SLSA:

Decoding the Origins of the Tank and “The Land Ironclads”: Sir Ernest Dunlop Swinton and H. G. Wells

Jason W. Ellis

The first popular, and widely cited, fictional account of the military tank is H.G. Wells’ 1903 short story, “The Land Ironclads.”  The recognized and widely circulated literary publication, the Strand Magazine published Wells’ short story in 1903–thirteen years before the British tank was unveiled to the world at Flers and Courcelette on 15 September 1916 during the First World War’s Battle of the Somme.  However, Wells was not involved in the actual development of the tank, but many historians point to Major-General Sir Ernest Dunlop Swinton as the single person most responsible for convincing the British military to design and commit invaluable war time resources to its development and utilization in the Great War.  Interestingly, these two persons–Wells and Swinton–developed a public debate in print and other media, which eventually led to Swinton’s libel suit against Wells, over who was most responsible for the invention of the tank.  It is the purpose of this presentation to highlight their public debate, and uncover how the public reacted to these men’s claims.  From this very public argument it will be possible to decode the meaning of such claims to invention, and the early history of Science Fiction, which was in part buttressed on imaginative futurology. 


Okay, So Half-Priced Books Isn’t That Great

May 31, 2009

Yufang and I are trying to trim down how much paper stuff we have in the house, which you may have guessed from my previous post on scanning.  Besides the print material that we create, we obviously have a lot of books, because we both study English literature (I do SF, and she does Asian-American lit).  However, we don’t always need all of the books that we take in from the cold, but we would like to find new homes for them.  We both sell books on Amazon, but we’ve collected two canvas bags of books that just won’t sell.  So, I thought to myself today, “why don’t I take these to the Mentor, Ohio Half-Price Books and get at least a little something for them.”  Unfortunately, I didn’t realize just how little their offer would be.  I figured that we would get $20 to $30, because the lot of books runs about $60 on Amazon used and I acknowledge that they need to make a profit (lowest price).  But, I wasn’t even in the ballpark.  I was offered $3 for the lot of 20 books.  Needless to say, I gathered our books and put them back in the car before returning to look through their SF section.  As I was walking around the store, I began thinking about all of the books in their and how Half-Price Books must have royally screwed over a lot of folks to have that much stock–not to mention the entire chain of stores.  Is Half-Priced Books the GameStop of book? (NB:  GameStop is a company that sells new and used video games, and it is notorious for ripping off gamers on game trade-ins–read more here).  Be warned before you make the mistake of driving an hour in crazy NE Ohio Saturday evening traffic with the hope of unloading some books.  

On the other hand, perhaps Half-Priced Books is a necessary evil.  I’ve found some books there that I would have had difficulty finding otherwise, or having found it elsewhere such as on Amazon it may have cost more.


Isaac Asimov’s “The Bicentennial Man” and Chris Columbus’ Bicentennial Man

May 30, 2009

Late last night, I finished revising my Bicentennial Man entry for Peter Wright’s The Critical Companion to Science Fiction Film Adaptations (to be published by Liverpool University Press).  It was a real joy to dive back into Asimov’s work, because it was through his work that I precariously began my trip into SF scholarship with my presentation on dualism in robot narratives for Georgia Tech’s Monstrous Bodies Symposium.

Having just completed Professor Babacar M’Baye’s African-American Literature course, I was able to engage Asimov’s “The Bicentennial Man” with the history and stories of the African-American experience that were fresh on my mind.  I have known for a long time that Asimov’s robots are an allegory for African-Americans, but it was on re-reading “The Bicentennial Man” that I realized how much Asimov’s earlier robot writing culminated in this later robot story, first published in 1976–two and three decades after his much loved early robot stories such as “Runaround” and the R. Daneel Olivaw/ Elijah Bailey detective stories.  In fact, I found that “The Bicentennial Man” mirrors the basic structure of American slave narratives, which I go into more detail on in my entry for the collection on film adaptations.

With this rich source material, I was at first resistant to spoiling it by watching the abysmal film adaptation Bicentennial Man by Chris Columbus and starring Robin Williams.  However, I discovered that for as bad as the film is, there are subtle gestures toward the spirit of the source material.  Unfortunately, the film overall pulls the rug out from under the main character’s efforts and successes by erasing the anxiety and hardship Andrew encountered in Asimov’s original story.  I don’t believe the audience understands Andrew’s predicament in the film in the same way that Asimov demonstrates Andrew’s precarious situation in the novelette.  Nevertheless, the film does have some redemptive elements, which are more fully explored in my entry for the collection.  

When I have more information about the publication of the critical companion, I will post it to dynamicsubspace.net.


The Internet Speculative Fiction Database

May 30, 2009

Over the years, I have occasionally run across the Internet Speculative Fiction Database when I would perform Google searches as I began researching a particular topic or work. Back at IAFA, Ritch Calvin told me that the ISFDB is a very important research tool that he uses a lot.  Based on his recommendation, I have used it explicitly a few times in my recent work–including my entry on Bicentennial Man for Peter Wright’s The Critical Companion to Science Fiction Film Adaptations. If you need to find reviews of works and print histories of SF and fantasy works, then I would recommend you check out the ISFDB when you start your research.

Another cool aspect of the ISFDB is that Ritch is tirelessly posting SFRA Review metadata to the ISFDB, which means that my reviews are now indexed on there, too (see here).  Thanks, Ritch!


Scanning, Recycling, and Reflecting

May 27, 2009

Yufang and I purchased a Canon CanoScan LIDE 100 flatbed scanner, because we wanted to cut down on all of our cooperatively accumulated clutter of papers, notes, and other school-related documents.  The past few days have been an interesting experience for me as I worked through notes from Georgia Tech, the University of Liverpool, and the past two years at Kent State.  

First, I am amazed at how much my handwriting has transformed over the years, and even from semester to semester.  In fact, if I did not know that I wrote all of this stuff, there is no way in Hades that I would believe the same person wrote all of these notes.  

Second, it is interesting how my note taking hasn’t changed that much over the years.  Anyone who has taken a class with me knows that I write down everything that I possibly can during class.  As a result, I have volumes of handwritten notes for all of my classes.  However, there are some subtle changes with the way that I cluster information on the page.  For example, my earlier notes are essentially one thought per line, but my later notes contain chunks of information with the first line against the margin and subsequent, related thoughts are listed beneath the first line with a hanging indent.  I’m not sure why I began doing this, but it seems to be a more recent development in grad school.  

Third, I’m surprised at how many notes are missing.  I know that I tossed a lot of material when I left Liverpool, but I’m missing a considerable amount of material from Kent State.  I have moved a couple of times since beginning school here, so it is possible that I accidentally threw some things out that I didn’t want to, or a box of school-related material may have been lost or left behind.  This is of course unfortunate, but there isn’t anything that I can do about it now.

Currently, Babacar’s African-American Literature class has 110 pages, Pendleton’s Semeiotics class is second with 100 pages, and Raja’s Postcolonialism course comes in second at 88 pages.

Another project that I’m working on right now is scanning all of my Star Wars and Star Trek clippings.  I’ve accumulated a small collection of magazine and calendar images of spacecraft that I’m currently assembling into a digital archive.

And, I have a deal for my KSU friends–I will trade you my class notes in exchange for yours.  After I finish scanning all of my class materials, I will let you borrow the scanner to digitize your own notes.  Let me know if you’re interested.


Pakistaniaat Print Version Released

May 26, 2009

I just received word from Professor Raja that the print version of Pakistaniaat: A Journal of Pakistan Studies that we completed a week ago looks “beautiful.”  Pakistaniaat is an open-access journal, but we made a print edition available for those readers who want the satisfaction of a print edition and its sales support our maintaining the journal online.  Here’s the official announcement:

Dear All:
The print version of Pakistaniaat is now available. You can use this link
to purchase your print copies: http://stores.lulu.com/pakistaniaat.

The print sales support the journal’s online free access mission.
Thank you.

Sincerely,
Masood


Another Book Haul

May 23, 2009

One thing that I enjoy about having free time is visiting book stores.  Tonight, Yufang and I drove to Cleveland to pick up a photo scanner from Microcenter.  With that errand done, we decided to visit the local TGI Fridays for dinner.  When we left dinner, we saw a book store across the plaza called Half-Price Books, and it’s big sign out front “We Buy Used Books” convinced us it was worth checking out.

With an hour before their closing time, I didn’t have enough time to scour the massive stacks of books in the relatively small store.  I wanted to go through the Movie and Military sections more thoroughly, but I devoted the majority of my time to the Science Fiction, Fantasy, and Literary Theory sections.  

After spending only a pittance, I walked out with five excellent purchases:  Ursula K. LeGuin’s The Wind’s Twelve Quarters (Book Club hardcover), Harlan Ellison’s Dangerous Visions edited volume (Book Club hardcover), Asimov, Warrick, and Greenberg’s War with the Robots: 28 of the Best Short Stories by the Greatest Names in 20th Century Science Fiction (this seemed appropriate after watching Terminator Salvation last night–more here), Signet Classics Three by Flanner O’Connor (Wise Blood, The Violent Bear it Away, and Everything That Rises Must Converge), and Joseph Tabbi’s Postmodern Sublime: Technology and American Writing from Mailer to Cyberpunk.

I will have to return to Half-Price Books soon, because they had a whole slew of Jane’s airplane books and other military aircraft books that were too jumbled and out of order to make a cursory examination of.  If you’re interested in used books at a great price, they are located at Golden Gate Plaza just off of I-271 at Mayfield Road to the East.


Terminator Salvation and Battlestar Galactica

May 22, 2009

I spent part of today catching up the last part of Battlestar Galactica Season 4, and I saw Terminator Salvation this evening with Yufang.  I learned in BSG today that the Thirteenth Tribe were actually Cylons–skeletons, bodies, and all. In Terminator Salvation, Marcus Wright is constructed in the other direction than Terminator 3′s Terminatrix–Marcus is the fusion of man and machine.  However, Marcus was once a murderer–the unconscionable, monstrous, the inhuman.  Given his second chance, he becomes human, or at least what we may consider the human ideal–altruistic, helpful, and self-sacrificing.  Thus, the machine makes the man more human.  However, throughout Terminator Salvation and BSG, I’m reading a shift in the concern about the machinic appropriation of the human.  In Star Trek: The Next Generation, the original Terminator and T2 films, and older SF, the fear was only about the surface, about the appearance of human mapped or stretched over a cold, metallic infrastructure.  Now, it seems like the concern has more to do with organs and the organic.  Where does this anxiety over our bodies and the tissues that make them work and function come from?  Obviously, the fear of losing human-ness to the machine is rooted in the emergence and subsequent evolution of anxieties following the integration of humans into the great machine and system of the Industrial Revolution.  Perhaps following the turn of the century into the 2000s, the organic (i.e., genetics) meshes with the machine (i.e., AI representing the networked/computerized landscape of the now).  What this might mean for future SF and our engagement with organic and machinic technologies I do not know.  However, I am eager to discover where this future might lead.


Very Busy and Productive Day

May 21, 2009

It is safe to say that I got shit done today.  I met Professor Raja at Angel Falls Coffee Co. in Akron this afternoon, and we finalized the first issue of Pakistaniaat: A Journal of Pakistan Studies.  It is an open access journal, so you may go here and read the first issue (or better yet, purchase a print copy so that you can really appreciate my page layout work while supporting the journal).  I had some trouble getting the fonts to embed properly in the PDF of the issue for publication, but I finally ironed out that last remaining snag before we enjoyed a celebratory lunch of hummus and kebab wraps.

After I left Market Square, I drove down Market to The Bookseller and found four useful books:  Science Fiction Discoveries ed. by Carol and Frederik Pohl, Crash by J.G. Ballard (blurb: “A startling off-beat novel of erotic violence”), Radu Florescu’s In Search of Frankenstein (mid-1970s volume on all things Frankenstein), and Jane’s American Fighting Aircraft of the 20th Century (this big book sports two F-104 Starfighters flying over a city port, and I will make good use of this tome when I’m writing my essay for the aircraft film genre essay on The Right Stuff).

When I got back home with some lunch for Yufang, I got back to work on the print version of the SFRA 2009 program.  I worked on that program all damn day, except for a break to enjoy fish and chips and Heroes, but I just finished a rough draft complete with index. I’m very happy with the way the program looks, and I hope that everyone will be happy with the scheduling. Thanks go out to Craig Jacobsen for last year’s program InDesign file, Betsy Gooch for the artwork on the conference flyer that I used for the front cover of the program, and Lisa and Doug for carefully watching over my shoulder as I put the program together.  There will probably be some changes, but I’m estatic that the lion’s share of the program is completed.

Oh, I did take a slightly longer break after dinner than I wrote about above.  In fact, Yufang and I went out for a walk, and we put Miao Miao in a backpack that I wore against my chest so that she could look around while we walked.  She was surprisingly good, but I did have to keep a hand on her to keep her from climbing over me.


College Writing, Space Exploration Theme, Take Two

May 18, 2009

I just completed my second semester teaching college writing I at Kent State University, and I’ve learned a few more things about teaching and how to organize my class (for my past postings on college writing click here).  

In Fall 2008, I taught my first college writing class at KSU with the theme, “Space Exploration and Your Future.”  In that singular class, I employed a variety of materials to augment and provide prompts for student discussion and writing.  The primary sources included Walt Disney’s Mars and Beyond, Arthur C. Clarke’s 2001: A Space Odyssey, and Carl Sagan’s Pale Blue Dot.  

Based on the feedback that I received from my students at the beginning of the school year, I didn’t retain Sagan’s book for the Spring semester, because many students had difficulty engaging that particular science popularization.  It bears noting that I didn’t drop that text, because I thought it was too difficult for my students; instead, I dropped it, because I felt my student’s lack of engagement with the text created a roadblock to the more important goal in the class, which is to develop their professional writing skills.  In the place of Pale Blue Dot, I included Tom Wolfe’s The Right Stuff, because it serves as a model of “good writing” and its “right stuff” thesis provided material for in-class exercises and one of the major essays in the Spring semester classes.  

In addition to The Right Stuff book, I provided time for viewing the film version by Philip Kaufman, and the film version of 2001: A Space Odyssey by Stanley Kubrick.  My reasoning behind this was that students in my Fall class had trouble imagining or visualizing the things that we read in Clarke’s 2001. Again, I didn’t want the reading to become an impediment, so I thought augmenting the text with video might bridge my students’ understanding of the texts and provide for useful discussions and writing prompts.  

Now that I’ve finishing reading my students’ final portfolios, which I was happy with overall, I learned a few things about what my students thought of the major (and some of the minor) assignments based on each students’ reflective essay.  Overwhelmingly, my students reported problems with watching Kubrick’s 2001: A Space Odyssey.  They seemed to enjoy the novel much more than the film.  During class, we discussed this disconnection between the two media, and the consensus seemed to be that the film is too theoretical, too abstract, and lacking the concrete details and explanations found in the novel.  I believe that I will cut the film from my class in the Fall based on this feedback, and I will find other ways to help students engage the novel, which may include documentaries, guided research, and in-class discussion/lecture.  

The other thing that I learned was that the film version of The Right Stuff was probably unnecessary, too.  It did provide an opportunity to discuss the differences of using different media to present a thesis or idea, but I don’t know if I want to devote that much time to the film in the future.  I have not definitively decided if I will keep Kaufman’s film, but I do think that its use was more successful in the class than Kubrick’s 2001.

Other feedback that I received from my students included their gaining benefits from reading their work in class, which provided them with confidence in their work, prompted them to work harder on those assignments, and hearing what others had to say and how they said it.  I first did this in my Fall semester class, and I plan on doing more of this in my two Fall 2009 semester classes.  I received mixed responses to peer review from my students this semester.  I believe that the problem with peer review was two fold–I am still working toward a better way to demonstrate and inculcate peer review skills, and students didn’t always receive the kind of feedback that they desired.  I’ve spoken with some folks in the department about this, and I got some good ideas from Pam Takayoshi and others at the Blogging Brown Bag series that I will employ in the future (e.g., having groups meet individually with me for a peer review modeling session).

A final idea that I have for my Fall 2009 classes is that I will move the entire class online.  All handouts and course materials (besides assigned books) will be online.  I almost fully implemented this with these two classes.  The other aspect of the class will be handled through blogging.  I will have my students do their journals, daily writing exercises, and major papers all on individual blogs that I will guide them through configuring at the beginning of the semester.  This semester I gave my students written letters for feedback, so carrying things a step further my going online for their assignments will only complement my reader responses.  Additionally, I will have to walk between two buildings about ten minutes apart on campus with only that much time between my two classes, so I feel that moving the writing online will simplify my access to my students’ work, and prevent the loss of any materials that I may have lug through the wintery weather.  

I’m looking forward to revising my syllabus over the Summer so that I can provide an improved experience for my future students.


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