Category: Computers

  • How to Update Your Linux Kernel on Debian Bookworm 12 to the Latest Available on Backports

    terminal screen with system info: jason@desktop:~$ screenfetch | lolcat
         _,met$$$$$gg.           jason@desktop
      ,g$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$P.        OS: Debian 12 bookworm
    ,g$$P""       """Y$$.".      Kernel: x86_64 Linux 6.12.32+bpo-amd64
   ,$$P'              `$$$.      Uptime: 10h 8m
  ',$$P       ,ggs.     `$$b:    Packages: 2323
  `d$$'     ,$P"'   .    $$$     Shell: bash 5.2.15
   $$P      d$'     ,    $$P     Resolution: 1920x1080
   $$:      $$.   -    ,d$$'     DE: Xfce
   $$\;      Y$b._   _,d$P'      WM: Xfwm4
   Y$$.    `.`"Y$$$$P"'          WM Theme: Haiku-Alpha
   `$$b      "-.__               GTK Theme: BeOS-r5-GTK-master [GTK2]
    `Y$$                         Icon Theme: BeOS-r5-Icons-master
     `Y$$.                       Font: Swis721 BT 9
       `$$b.                     Disk: 7.7T / 11T (75%)
         `Y$$b.                  CPU: AMD Ryzen 7 7700 8-Core @ 16x 5.389GHz
            `"Y$b._              GPU: NVIDIA GeForce RTX 3090, NVIDIA RTX A4000, NVIDIA RTX A4000, NVIDIA RTX A4000
                `""""            RAM: 9486MiB / 63916MiB

    If you’re like me, you might have newer computer hardware that isn’t fully supported by Linux kernel 6.1, which is installed with Debian Bookworm 12. Thankfully, Debian offers Backports, or newer software in testing in Trixie, the development name for Debian 13, that will eventually find its way into future Debian releases for use on an otherwise stable release of Bookworm.

    Updating to a newer kernel often brings more hardware compatibility. However, it’s important to remember that using a backport kernel can introduce potential compatibility issues with the software officially supported on Bookworm. Even if installing the latest kernel causes some issues, you can choose to boot from one of your older 6.1 kernels on your install as long as you don’t delete them (by using the apt autoremove command).

    I wrote this guide based on my experience installing Linux kernel 6.12 from Backports with the non-free firmware that my hardware needs to work. If you are trying to keep your system free from non-free software, you can omit those references in the instructions below.

    Before doing any changes to your Debian installation, remember to backup your files first. Saving important files in more than one media and storing it backups in different physical locations is best practice.

    After backing up your files, make sure your install is up-to-date with these commands:

    sudo apt update
    sudo apt upgrade

    After those updates complete, it’s a good rule of thumb to do a reboot to begin working with a clean slate.

    Next, add Debian Backports to /etc/apt sources.list. I used vi to do this:

    sudo vi /etc/apt/sources.list

    In vi, arrow down to the bottom line, type a lowercase “o” to add a blank line below the current line, type lowercase “i” to enter input mode, and type the following line into the document:

    deb http://deb.debian.org/debian bookworm-backports main contrib non-free non-free-firmware

    After double checking the added line, press the “Esc” key, and type “:wq” to write the file and quit vi.

    Now, you need to update apt again:

    sudo apt update

    After the completes, enter this command to install the latest kernel from backports along with the kernel’s headers and firmware that might be needed for your hardware (such as networking card, video card drivers, etc.).

    sudo apt install -t bookworm-backports linux-image-amd64 linux-headers-amd64 firmware-misc-nonfree

    It might take awhile for the installation to complete. If there are no errors, it should return you to your terminal prompt. If it did, reboot your computer to load the new kernel.

    After your computer boots up again, you can verify that you are running the latest kernel by entering this command:

    uname -r

    After installing the latest kernel, my computer reports this from the uname -r command:

    6.12.32+bpo-amd64
  • My Interview with Emily Hockaday, Senior Managing Editor of Asimov’s, Published in New American Notes Online

    screen shot of a printer color offset of the definition of an "interview" as the title image for Issue 17: The Interview in New American Notes Online website

    Issue 17 of New American Notes Online (NANO) on “The Interview” was recently published.

    My interview with Emily Hockaday, senior managing editor of Asimov’s Science Fiction Magazine, on Artificial Intelligence (AI), Generative AI, and science fiction publishing is a part of the issue.

    Click through here to see the other interviewees and topics covered in this special issue.

    Editor Sean Scanlan sent out this press release for the issue:

    A new issue of NANO: New American Notes Online has been published

    Special Issue 17: The Interview

    Publication date: June 2025

    ISSN: 2160-0104 (Online)

    NANO is an indexed, Open Access, and Open Source humanities journal. NANO never charges to submit or to read content. NANO is published by City Tech, part of the City University of New York.

    NANO announces its new issue, an exploration of the ways that interviews connect people.

    The interview is woven into our hyper-connected world through podcasts, Zooms, magazines, newspapers, social media, and they still occur in private settings. Interviews are ubiquitous. They can be formal and informal, closed or open-ended; they can yield quantitative and qualitative results; they can invoke power and symbolic capital. But, the interview can also be less about gate-keeping and more about the tension inherent in knowledge production and sharing. The eight interviews in this special issue of NANO create spaces of exchange, where the goal is not interrogation but collaboration, curiosity, and mutual understanding.

    Two interviews focus on teaching. A multimedia project by Shauna Chung, Naila Butt, Sandy Fougeres, and Khemraj Persaud describe ways that interviews fuse writing and workplace readiness while the scholar Laura Westengard reveals the communal spaces where gothic and queer reinforce each other.

    Two interviews focus on visual art. Jennifer Lockard Connerley discusses ways that academia and spirituality enhance portraiture while Bill Saylor reveals how his environmental and natural abstractions arise.

    Two interviews focus on translation. Dana Crăciun acknowledges the difficulty of translation while Johannes Göransson eyes translation’s inherent creativity.

    Two interviews focus on creativity and theory. The writer and editor Emily Hockaday discusses the challenges of running a science fiction magazine in the age of AI while Marcus Boon reflects on his interdisciplinary practices.

    Editor’s Introduction for NANO Special Issue 17: The Interview

    by Sean Scanlan

    https://nanocrit.com/index.php/issues/issue17/Editors-Introduction-for-NANO-Special-Issue-17-The-Interview-Issue-by-Sean-Scanlan

    How the Interview Can Become a College Writing Tool for Workplace Readiness

    by Shauna Chung, Naila Butt, Sandy Fougeres, Khemraj Persaud

    https://nanocrit.com/index.php/issues/issue17/How-the-Interview-Can-become-a-College-Writing-Tool-for-Workplace-Readiness-by-Shauna-Chung-Naila-Butt-Sandy-Fougeres-Khemraj-Pe

    An Interview with Marcus Boon, Author of In Praise of Copying 

    by David Banash

    https://nanocrit.com/index.php/issues/issue17/An-Interview-with-Marcus-Boon-Author-of-In-Praise-of-Copying-by-David-Banash

    An Interview with Jennifer Lockard Connerley: Portrait of the Artist as a Young Academic

    by Tara Robbins Fee

    https://nanocrit.com/index.php/issues/issue17/An-Interview-with-Jennifer-Lockard-Connerley-by-Tara-Robbins-Fee

    An Interview with Emily Hockaday, Senior Managing Editor of Asimov’s Science Fiction Magazine

    by Jason Ellis

    https://nanocrit.com/index.php/issues/issue17/An-Interview-with-Emily-Hockaday-Senior-Managing-Editor-of-Asimov-s-Science-Fiction-Magazine-by-Jason-Ellis

    An Interview with Dana Crăciun, the translator of Salman Rushdie’s works into Romanian 

    by Carmen Neamțu

    https://nanocrit.com/index.php/issues/issue17/An-Interview-with-Dana-Cr%C4%83ciun-the-translator-of-Salman-Rushdie-s-works-into-Romanian-by-Carmen-Neam%C8%9Bu

    An Interview with Laura Westengard, Author of Gothic Queer Culture

    by Leigh Dara Gold

    https://nanocrit.com/index.php/issues/issue17/An-Interview-with-Laura-Westengard-Author-of-Gothic-Queer-Culture-by-Leigh-Dara-Gold

    An Interview with Johannes Göransson

    by Matt Miller

    https://nanocrit.com/index.php/issues/issue17/An-Interview-with-Johannes-Goransson-by-Matt-Miller

    An Interview with Bill Saylor

    by Sean Scanlan

    https://nanocrit.com/index.php/issues/issue17/An-Interview-with-Bill-Saylor-by-Sean-Scanlan

  • BMCC Forum on Generated Text and the Future of College Writing Yesterday Was a Great Success

    Yesterday, about twenty faculty and students gathered in BMCC’s Fiterman Hall room 1304 to discuss the effects of Generative AI on college writing, higher education, and society-in-general for the Spring 2025 Robert Lapides Faculty Forum. I was honored to have been invited to participate.

    From left to right, Lisa Sarti, Professor of Italian Studies at BMCC; me; and Carlos Hernandez, Professor of English at BMCC and SF writer started the discussion, but soon almost everyone in attendance had something to contribute: observations, personal experiences, and questions.

    For my part in the conversation, I came at the issue from four vectors: as a science fiction scholar, a writing instructor, a technical communication instructor, and computer hobbyist. My desire to learn how Generative AI works and to pass on what I have learned to my students is informed by my adherence to William Gibson’s axiom, “the street finds its own use for things,” which is coupled with Donna Haraway’s “Cyborg Manifesto” and claiming the tools of technology for our own purposes to build the network, community, and world that we want.

    While it was scheduled for only two hours, we ran over by 20 minutes–something the organizers said hadn’t happened before. I think that if time hadn’t been called, we might still be there into the wee hours.

    The BMCC students in attendance demonstrated their engagement and concern about these technologies in the classroom and their everyday lives.

    I closed my comments in response to a question about how we might use Generative AI to fight back against authoritarianism. I offered an assemblage of open source generative AI, a bit of Harlan Ellison’s “‘Repent, Harlequin!’ Said the Ticktockman” (1965), and Orson Scott Card’s Ender’s Game (1985).

    Besides the substance of the discussion, I think meeting colleagues at BMCC might have opened doors for further work on AI matters and the annual City Tech Science Fiction Symposium. Stay tuned!

  • Second Reading of Richard Powers’ Galatea 2.2

    Jean-Léon Gérôme’s Pygmalion and Galatea, 1890.

    Before this Wednesday’s upcoming forum discussion, I wanted to revisit Richard Powers’ Galatea 2.2, which I had read 14 years ago for my PhD dissertation titled, “Brains, Minds, and Computers in Literary and Science Fiction Neuronarratives.” On rereading Powers’ novel, I paid more attention to the iterative development of Helen. What I’ve learned about AI and developments in Generative AI in the past three years provided a stronger foundation for considering the technical aspects of the narrative. Lived experience gave me a better understanding of some of the non-technical aspects of the narrative, too.

  • Forum on Generated Text and the Future of College Writing at BMCC, April 2, 2-4pm

    decorative flyer, text in body

    I’ll be speaking on a discussion panel about Artificial Intelligence, Generative AI, and College Writing at Borough of Manhattan Community College, CUNY (BMCC), Fiterman Hall 1304 on Wednesday, April 2 from 2-4 PM. If you’re free, it would be great if you could join us for what I think will be a lively in-person conversation. Details are below and the event flyer is posted above and below.

    The Spring 2025 Robert Lapides Faculty Forum

    Wednesday April 2 Fiterman Hall 1304 (245 Greenwich St.) 2-4 pm

    A Step Toward the Unified Macro-Mind or a Cybernetic Lawnmower in the Groves of Academia? :
    Generated Text and the Future of College Writing

    Recently, Large Language Models and generated texts have sent shockwaves through the academic community. Do they represent the initial glimmerings on a new horizon of transhuman creativity or are they, in Noam Chomsky’s phrase, merely “glorified autofill,” a “high-tech plagiarism” based on a self-cannibalizing database? Where old-fashioned plagiarism now seems like a relatively simple matter of ethics and originality, Artificial Intelligence and the looming specter of the Literary Chatbot bring a whole host of more tangled issues of Perception, Knowledge, Autonomy, and Class Warfare into the classroom.

    Many believe the neural net models of cognition don’t begin to pierce the mystery of the mind—Roger Penrose and others remain unconvinced that human thinking can be reduced meat-puppet computation, while John Searle’s Chinese Room parable undermines the idea that mere symbol-juggling can ever result in emergent consciousness. Still, techno-optimists believe we are at the precipice of an age of cyborg enhancements in which human potential will be radically expanded and the primate mind will be uploaded into Cloud-dwelling immortality.

    We will be discussing these issues and many others in an open symposium with CUNY professors Jason Ellis, Carlos Hernandez, Lisa Sarti, and Shane Snipes. We encourage our colleagues to come to voice their concerns and hopes on this increasingly crucial and urgent matter.

    pictures of four scholars speaking at the event

    The event is named in memory of Robert Lapides, a past English department professor at BMCC. Reading his obituary, you get the sense that he did good work that saved voices from the past from erasure, and created space for voices in the present to carry the work forward.

    “Robert Lapides, professor emeritus in the English Department, husband of Professor Diane Dowling, died on January 1, 2021. At BMCC for over 40 years, Professor Lapides will be remembered for his passion, his life-long fight for social, economic, and racial justice, and his commitment to building communities where differences can be expressed. Never afraid to speak up or ask questions, he was genuinely interested in his students and colleagues. His intense curiosity about people, places, politics, history, literature, psychology, religion–about what it means to be human–informed all his efforts. He encouraged his students to embrace their humanity, including the parts of themselves they felt they needed to hide, building their courage to write honestly. His legacy can be found in his influence on the many students and colleagues he worked with, the online communities he created, in his faculty magazine Hudson River, and for editing Lodz Ghetto, collected writings left behind by Jews confined to the Lodz Ghetto in WWII. Until the end, he was working on his book about the creative development of Charles Dickens, which will be published posthumously” (from Ellen Moody’s Under the Sign of Sylvia blog, 25 Mar. 2021).